Without a Hartford Loop, the water in a residential boiler is forced downward into the condensate return pipe. At pressures over one pound gauge, the condensate may be forced so far back into the return that the water will back up into the steam main causing banging and pipe movement.
To see an example of the result of incorrect piping, click on:
Flash Example of Incorrect Piping
Pipe the boiler correctly with a Hartford Loop
A Hartford Loop acts as a pressure balance upon both sides of the boiler, hence part of the loop is called an equalizer. The close fitting that joins the condensate return pipe to the Loop is placed high enough to act as a dam to keep water in the boiler.

Condensate in the return pipe can still be forced back up the return pipe, flooding the main. However the boiler water level will remain over the heat exchange surfaces, preventing burnout or explosion.

To see an example of the result of a better piping plan with a Hartford Loop, click on::
Flash Example of a Hartford Loop
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